Researchers and academics around the world are in the crosshairs of an assault on the worth of the scientific method. Here’s how to stand up for science.
我们生活在一个反科学的时代。唐纳德·特朗普否认气候变化，散布关于疫苗与自闭症关联的无端说法，并大力为其关于选举欺诈的错误信念辩护，以及其他种种对科学方法所揭示事实的冒犯之举。无论你持何种政治立场，这种对待科学的方式都将产生深远而可能持久的影响。以下是捍卫科学变得日益重要的原因与方式。
科学是关于发现事实的。通过观察来检验想法是科学方法的核心。这一方法从一个关于世界的状态或运作方式的想法入手，即所谓的假设。该假设随后要接受严格的实验检验，以及通过观察或借助过往实验所得数据进行验证。假设要么与数据相符，要么与数据不符。这一科学方法最早由一位名为 阿尔哈曾的穆斯林科学家于公元1000年前后首次加以阐明，他通过用镜子反复实验，首次描述了光沿直线传播的规律。此后，这一方法一直被视为确定事实的最佳途径。
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