分享秘密的艺术——与科学

Studies show the health benefits of sharing our private hopes and fears with trusted confidantes. But what if you’re on your own?

分享秘密的艺术——与科学

研究表明,与信任的知己分享内心深处的希望与恐惧,对个人健康大有裨益。但如果你感到孤立无援,又该如何?

你们彼此保守秘密,也对自己隐瞒秘密。秘密将你们联结在一起,也将你们分隔两地。守住一个秘密可能是一种负担,也可能令你暗自欣喜。分享秘密则往往是一种解脱,无论对象是你的老友,还是你新认识的心理治疗师。

对孩子而言,学会保守秘密是成长过程中的重要里程碑。在一项研究中,研究人员让三岁、四岁和五岁的孩子玩捉迷藏游戏,并让他们保守一个关于惊喜的秘密。完成这两项任务的能力彼此高度相关,也与孩子的社会认知能力密切关联。三岁时,孩子们在这些任务上表现得相当糟糕;到了五岁,大多数孩子已经能够保守秘密,认知发展水平也相应提升。

对成年人而言,保守秘密是理所当然的行为。”事实上,所有智力和心理功能正常的成年人,都会在某一时刻保守个人秘密,”圣母大学心理学教授阿尼塔·E·凯利在《秘密心理学》一书中写道。

然而,跨越年龄与文化的多项研究表明,将内心深处的希望与恐惧向信任的知己倾诉,对个人健康大有益处——而将某些秘密完全独自承受,则会带来相应的伤害。

哪些秘密不该让你独自承担?那些由羞耻感驱动的秘密。研究结论十分明确:羞耻感与成瘾、抑郁和暴力行为高度相关。走出羞耻的第一步,可能近在咫尺——只需一个共同的秘密,以及”我也是”这三个字。正如布琳·布朗(TED演讲:倾听羞耻)在2012年所精辟阐释的:”如果你把羞耻放进培养皿,它需要三样东西才能指数级生长:秘密、沉默与评判。但如果你把同等量的羞耻放进培养皿,再用同理心将其浸透,它便无法存活。”

如果你一时想不到可以信任的知己,那么或许可以考虑将那个”难以启齿”的秘密向一个陌生人倾诉。自杀预防顾问凯文·布里格斯(TED演讲:生死之间的那座桥)表示,仅仅被一位善良、富有同理心的陌生人倾听,有时便能带来释怀。而如果你还没准备好将秘密大声说出口,将它写下来、转化为共同的艺术,有时也能产生变革性的力量。

十年前,弗兰克·沃伦(TED演讲:五十万个秘密)发起了一个持续至今的社区艺术项目,这个项目不仅改变了他自己的秘密,也改变了无数他人的秘密。他的项目名为”PostSecret”,是一部从未公开过的秘密合集——这些秘密被匿名陌生人以艺术形式绘制在明信片上,寄送给他。是的,沃伦曾有过一段

原创文章,作者:codex2,如若转载,请注明出处:https://www.ormemo.com/2608.html

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